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Concrete is an excellent material for the home craftsman to use, when
it is properly made. He can make it to suit his purpose, in quantities
large or small; and it may be used in so many ways and for so many
purposes that projects designed for concrete or adaptable to it would fill
several volumes the size of this one. It is a very durable material. Because of our modern formulae with their exact measurements; because we have developed good methods of finishing concrete; because
it can be adapted to very intricate casting forms; and because, finally,
it can be reinforced so that it will bear heavy loads without cracking
or danger of collapse, we have at our fingertips probably the most
useful, permanent, and relatively low-cost plastic building material the
world has ever known.
Not so long ago concrete was relegated to small areas or used for only
workaday projects, but today it is used much more imaginatively. There
are so many textural treatments possible, ranging from very rough
pebbly surfaces-with the aggregates exposed and pebbles tamped into
the wet surface of fresh concrete-to the very smoothest surfaces, which
can be waxed and used as dance floors. With these possibilities and
the use of coloring materials to give life and beauty to the concrete,
we may well call it the most versatile of materials.
Concrete can be used in the old humdrum ways, or it can be employed
in stimulating, creative ways to give piquancy to whatever is made of it
and to heighten the effect of the garden picture. It has so much more
to offer than just its commonplace and worthy qualities of permanence
and durability that it should be considered for every possible project
in the garden.
Before we take up ways and means, the formulae for mixing, and so
on, let us look into the methods of handling it which may be employed
by the home craftsman. Mixing and laying quantities of concrete is
heavy work. Let us admit that immediately and proceed to see what can
be done to lighten the tasks connected with its use. By planning your
job so that it can be done in segments, no one ot them a large, back-
breaking project, you can manage things so that it won't be too much for
you to handle even though it may take you some time to achieve your
goal. For instance, in building a terrace we can cast it in sections, rather
than in one piece. It is better to do this for many reasons, one of which
is that expansion strips are needed for contraction and expansion with
heat and cold.
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